Activity 4.1.2.
Consider right triangle \(OPQ\) given in the following figure, and assume that the length of the hypotenuse is \(OP = r\) for some constant \(r \gt 1\text{.}\) Let point \(M\) lie on \(\overline{OP}\) (the line segment between \(O\) and \(P\)) in such a way that \(OM = 1\text{,}\) and let point \(N\) lie on \(\overline{OQ}\) so that \(\angle ONM\) is a right angle, as pictured. In addition, assume that point \(O\) corresponds to \((0,0)\text{,}\) point \(Q\) to \((x,0)\text{,}\) and point \(P\) to \((x,y)\) so that \(OQ = x\) and \(PQ = y\text{.}\) Finally, let \(\theta\) be the measure of \(\angle POQ\text{.}\)
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(a)
(b)
What is the value of the ratio \(\frac{OP}{OM}\text{?}\) What does this tell you about the ratios \(\frac{OQ}{ON}\) and \(\frac{PQ}{MN}\text{?}\)
(c)
What is the value of \(ON\) in terms of \(\theta\text{?}\) What is the value of \(MN\) in terms of \(\theta\text{?}\)
(d)
Use your conclusions in (b) and (c) to express the values of \(x\) and \(y\) in terms of \(r\) and \(\theta\text{.}\)

